面向舰船通信的ISM双频MIMO微带天线设计

Design of Dual ISM-Band MIMO Microstrip Antenna for Shipboard Communication

  • 摘要:目的】针对舰船通信系统对高可靠高速率数据传输的迫切需求,本文提出了一款同时工作在915 MHz与5.8 GHz的ISM双频MIMO天线设计方法。【方法】该天线采用微带馈电,以两个闭合谐振环为辐射单元,分别实现915 MHz与5.8 GHz频段覆盖;在两个天线单元之间加载中和线与矩形寄生枝节,二者共同组成天线去耦结构,提升天线隔离度;在馈电微带线上蚀刻U形凹槽,滤除2.85 GHz产生的不必要谐振。天线印制在FR-4介质基板,整体尺寸为103 mm×96 mm×1 mm。【结果】仿真与实测数据显示天线在两个所需频段内的<italic>S</italic>11&lt;-10dB且频段内隔离度大于15 dB,包络相关系数小于0.02,分集增益大于9.99。【结论】所提出的双环形辐射结构、去耦方案和陷波技术,可在天线单元间距为915 MHz波长的0.14倍布局下,实现双ISM频段覆盖、抑制带外谐振并满足MIMO系统对信道独立性的基本要求,为舰载双频MIMO天线的设计提供了可行的工程参考。

     

    Abstract: Objectives To address the urgent demand for high-reliability and high-rate data transmission in shipboard communication systems, a dual-element MIMO antenna design operating simultaneously at 915 MHz and 5.8 GHz ISM bands is proposed.Methods The antenna is fed by microstrip lines, with two closed resonant loops serving as radiating elements to cover the 915 MHz and 5.8 GHz bands respectively. A neutralization line and a rectangular parasitic stub are loaded between the two antenna elements to form a composite decoupling structure, thereby enhancing inter-element isolation. A U-shaped notch is etched on the feeding microstrip line to suppress the unwanted resonance at 2.85 GHz. The antenna is fabricated on an FR-4 dielectric substrate with an overall size of 103 mm×96 mm×1 mm.Results Both simulation and measurement results demonstrate that <italic>S</italic>11&lt;−10 dB within both target frequency bands, with in-band isolation greater than 15 dB, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) below 0.02, and diversity gain (DG) exceeding 9.99.Conclusions The proposed dual-loop radiating structure, composite decoupling scheme, and notch technique enable dual ISM-band coverage, out-of-band resonance suppression, and compliance with the channel independence requirements of MIMO systems under a compact inter-element spacing of 0.14 wavelengths at 915 MHz, providing a viable engineering reference for shipboard dual-band MIMO antenna design.

     

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